There lived four youngsters in a certain city with thick friendship. Due to their young age, they though to learn by going abroad. After some time, all the four of them decided and started to the foreign country by name Kanyakubja for learning. At the end of twelve years, with their constant concentration in learning, they became scholars. After having permitted by their preceptor, they started to return their native. Then, they kept on moving, and reached a junction of two roads. On seeing that they thought thus: By which way shall we move? At this juncture, through the first road of that junction, a group of people proceeded towards the cemetery ground to burn the dead one. Meanwhile first among the four youth opened his book and read thus: “Mahajano yena gatas sa panthaah which means that is path which is trodden by the group of people”. Hence they started to follow the group of people who moved towards crematorium. When they doing so, they reached that place and looked at a donkey which was standing there. On seeing the donkey, the second among the four youngsters, opened his book and read thus: “Utsave vyasane chaiva dhurbhikshe sathrusankate l
Raajadhvaare smasaane cha yas thishtathi sa baandhavah ll”
“They are real relative those who stand there for us to support, at the time of celebrations, miseries, draught, crisis due to enemies, government affairs and in the place the crematorium.” So, this donkey is our relative. By telling so, one among them embraced the donkey with his neck, another one started to cleanse the feet of it. At that time they watched a camel which came with fast there accidentally. On seeing the fast moving camel, they asked thus: What is this. Immediately and third among the four youth opened his book and read thus: “Dharmasya tvarithaa gathih” which means that is Dharma=Righteousness, which is having swiftest movement. As per this idea, they understood that this is Dharma. The the fourth among them opened his book and read thus:“Ishtam Dharmena yojayeth” which means, whichever is favourable to us that is to be added with Dharma. By telling so, those four young men joined the donkey with the neck of the camel.
On seeing these deeds of those four youth, people laughed at them and told thus: these persons though learnt highly but don’t know the common sense. Being ridiculed by the people, the four youth felt shamed and moved their native.
Moral of the story:
“Api saasthreshu kusalaah loka-aachaara vivarjithaah l
Purushaah haasyathaam yaanthi yathaa the moorkha-pandithaah ll”
Persons though naturally erudite scholars, if they bereft of common sense, they will become the characters of mockery like these stupid learners. (454)
(This story is taken from the titled Aparikshitakarakam- the 5th volume of the book PanchaThanthram which has five volumes viz., Mitra Bedhah, MitraLaabhah, Kaakolookeeyam, Labdhapranaasam and AparikshitaKaarakam written by Vishnu Sarma was an Indian scholar. The exact period of the composition of the Panchatantra is uncertain, and estimates vary from 1200 BCE to 300 CE.
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