GRAMMAR Grammar called Vyaakarana in Sanskrit, in India, is probably the science in which several technical schools have developed out of the old Indian Vedic Schools in the earliest times.
Sunday, 25 June 2023
The Scientific Literature In Sanskrit-Part IV
GRAMMAR Grammar called Vyaakarana in Sanskrit, in India, is probably the science in which several technical schools have developed out of the old Indian Vedic Schools in the earliest times.
Sunday, 18 June 2023
The Scientific Literature In Sanskrit-Part III
Scientific literature found developed in the Sutra Period. The Sutra style of aphoristic prose, the oldest form, in which all the sciences were taught in the schools of Braahmanaas.
Characteristic of this Sutra style and further of that of the scientific literature in particular is the use of nouns with almost wholesome suppression of verbs. Abstract nouns and compounds are used with prediction.
The Sutra style was also retained in the
technical schools, especially in the works of earlier ages; but frequently in
the manner that either the author himself or one of his disciples appended a BHASHYAM
or commentary, based on it; thus developed the Bhashya style, a highly
developed form learned prose, in scientific literature, probably first of all
in Grammar and in Philosophy.
Sunday, 28 May 2023
WHY SHOULD EVERYONE READ CHILDREN’S BOOK?
“Why should everyone read children’s
book?” was the topic of discussion in the blog chatter’s Writ fest 2023
conducted on 26th May 2023 in FB at 7.00 pm. This session was concluded around 7.45 pm. 12
people sent their likes, 34 people sent their comments including myself, and 12K
people have watched this session. Shalini
R has moderated the programme by collecting and combining the questions of the
viewers or participants. Sonia Mehta and
Sohini Mitra were invited speakers.
The following were the points on discussion:
1. Both the authors have written lot of books for
children, started newspapers
exclusively for kids and conceptualized quizzes for T.V. They shared their insights on what gets
children’s attention, be it books or any other content meant for them.
2. Among the fiction or non-fiction books, curriculum
based stories make popularity of the fiction variety was also the part of the
discussion.
3. Their books cover an enormous amount of information
and activities for kids to do. These
were the result of the research process carried out by them is the point to be
noted.
4. The speakers were also working to minimize the
textual errors in the children books that occur during the publication.
5. They also discussed about how can children’s book
be made visually appealing, the designs which typically fit for a book, its Cover , illustrations, font size, design and
layout properly done with the assistance
of a designing team. Finally according
to the age of the children, books need to be prepared.
6. Why Toys
& learning tool equipment are very important? Sonia Mehta insisted that stories and games
etc are the major learning tools for the children which help them to do their
activities in the right manner. She gave the example of Harry Potter. Learning outcomes are more attained by these
learning tools is the key point to be noted.
7. Both the
authors have seen book-trends over the years.
They expressed their opinions on how much do children drive the
book-buying decision and how can the parents and teachers give them more agency
to choose from?
Answering the above question, Solini Mitra emphasized
that the cost or the price of the book is the matter. Children are not aware of the cost of the
books. Parents should have such culture of
visiting the bookshops, book-fairs along with their children. They should read with their children
together. Choice of taking books from
the library like comics, fictions etc. are more beneficial factors.
Authors, publishers should collaborate with schools to
make the book-clubs. Choice of books
stimulates the children’s decision making which will change the present
scenario of reading books.
Sonia suggested that the schools have to play a major
role and help children take different books from their own school library. With this
they can definitely discuss and know with other that who has taken what sort of
book.
Shalini asked both writers/authors that “which books
are you reading?” Sonia Mehta answered that
she was always reading the books written by Jane Austen and Sohini Mitra told
that she used to read many fictions, particularly Akbar and Birbal.
Finally, the session was concluded with the question
that “Do you consciously write in lucid language”. Both of them were outspoken about the level of
words and size of the book, number of pages and words to be maintained. They urged that one should write the stories based
on the understanding level of the children.
(This blogpost is a part of Blogchatter's writfest2023)
Sunday, 21 May 2023
MY NAME IS CINNAMON
Author: Vikas Prakash Joshi
Publisher: Hay House Publishers, India
Genre: Literary and Contemporary Fiction
Buy this book - here
Books are the quietest
and most important of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of
counsellors, and most patients of teachers.” stated Charles W. Elliot.
The very name of this book itself kindles the readers to know that why the author has chosen it. Actually Cinnamon is the English word for the
spice Dalchini. When the character Cinnamon was small, he was unable to
pronounce the word of his name for long time.
He called himself Cimmanum or Cinnamum. His Baba and Maa found it so
cute and they made it, his nickname.
The author Vikas Prakash
Joshi has woven an enchanting story about the young boy Cinnamon. It’s a fabulous
narration of the beautiful life of Cinnamon in seventeen chapters. The story has many experiences faced by the young
boy which made him understand the
reality.
The author who has
started his writing career at the early age of eleven and later won “six letters
of the week” contest.
Niloufer Wadia, the fine
artist has illustrated about twenty-odd pictures with the propriety of the
story and particularly the painting on the book-cover is simply awesome.
Passion for new places
and experience, curiosity to know about the native place, attention to even the
small things, ability to ‘go local’, willingness to experiment and flexibility
in situation are the rare qualities of a good travel writer. The author has many of such qualities and
made the readers to travel along with him Pune to Ratanpur, with a touch of
travelogue.
Parenting or child rearing promotes and supports
the physical, emotional, social, spiritual and intellectual development of a
child from infancy to adulthood. This finds place in this story with clear
picture about the sacrifice of Baba Rishi and Maa Basundhara. Though both of them were the social parent to
Cinnamon, as a husband Rishi and as a wife Basundara were caring and
understanding each other to bring up their adopted child Cinnoman.
Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and
responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the
adoptive parents. When Cinnamon was six
years old, he was adopted by his social parents Baba and Maa, from an adoption
centre, Pune. Baba told Cinnamon the
story of the day they adopted him. Baba
and Maa brought up him very carefully and never hid from Cinnamon, or anyone
else, that he was adopted child.
On hearing the words of his
classmate Sundar, Cinnamon thought that he was being adopted child, not the
real child and that why the social parents refused his request. In this situation, the vivid narrative tells
the story of a young boy who forced himself to overcome from his emotions, thinking
about his real parents. So he wanted to meet his mother.
Aditi Gavit was the
biological mother of Cinnamon a strong woman. She remarried, after the death of
her first husband Vilas Krishnarao Gavit who was the biological father to
Cinnamon. To make their living, she
along with her spouse Santosh dealing with countless rude customers in their
own small high-way restaurant.
Mark Twain said ‘really
great make you feel that you, too, can become great.’’
Similar to this, the
social parents help Cinnamon to overcome from his emotional stress and feel
great.
The book definitely is the
apple of the reader’s eye.
(This blog post is a part of Blogchatter's book review programme)
Sunday, 14 May 2023
The Scientific Literature In Sanskrit-Part II
At the peak of six Vedangas (Siksha, Nruktham,
Vyaakaranam, Chandas, Kalpa and Jyothisha) the auxiliaries to Vedic Texts, in
which we find the earliest traces of scientific literature, stand the Kalpa,
the science of rituals. Like this, all
these sciences were cultivated in the Vedic shools, the purpose of which was to
make the students conversant with certain holy texts - with some of the
Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads related with it as well as with
Vedangas.
The sixth Anga or auxiliary is Kalpa which is treated as the pair of hand to the personified Vedic texts. It teaches that how is a rite to be performed, what are the rituals imposed upon the people according to their stages of life namely Bachelor-hood, Household-ship, Forest-Recluses, and Ascetic-hood.
Kalpa contains GruhyaSutras and SrautaSutras for each recension which deal with the 40 samskarasas which are to be performed from the birth to the death of a human being.
A fire altar must be built in order for the Agnicayana ritual to take place. The preparation can take up to a year before the ritual can fully take place, and the timing of the ritual must be precise as well. The ritual must take place in between the time of the new moon and the full moon in spring, and then preparations for the ritual space must be concise and made in sequences “The ritual site is a reconstruction of the cosmos itself, whose dimensions are mirrored in that of the human microcosm. One sees, in this ancient rite, early applications of the astronomical sciences in the necessary timings of each event, of mathematics, in its computations and structural geometries, and of the physical sciences in the casting of bricks, the making of fire, and the offering of oblations”. The fire altar can be made into different shapes, however the most common shape is that of the bird of prey (syena) that is dedicated to the god Agni. Agni has been described as eating the forest, a killer of demons and enemies, and although a god, he is never disengaged from his element, fire. Agni is closely interconnected with the home/family/clan/rituals, being represented by domestic fires that burn constantly; Agni guards the home and all within it. Through the Agnicayana ritual, one prays to Agni to help in the desired outcome of the ritual.
Sunday, 7 May 2023
The Scientific Literature In Sanskrit-Part I
Characteristics of the Sanskrit
Scientific Literature
The Sanskrit word for a scientific work is Saastram. In India science originated from theology and was at first cultivated in Vedic Schools. The recitation of the Vedic hymns, the necessity to pronounce correctly words and expressions of the holy-scriptures and that for their wider circulation and the effort to understand them as far as possible led people early to realize the importance of grammatical studies and the beginning of a lexicography. On account of the great mystic significance that was already attributed to the metres in the Braahmanams section of Vedic Hymns, it is no wonder that man passionately worked in the field of prosody.
Saturday, 29 April 2023
ZEEVA-SASTRAZM (JEEVA-SASTRAM=AYURVEDA)
JeevaSastram means the treatise speaks about the life of the living creature. Actually it is called Ayurveda, the name of the Indian medicine means that the Veda for (lengthening) the span of life which considered an Upanga (Subsidiary) to the Atharvaveda. The chief works on Indian ancient medicine have been described by J. Jolly, Medicine (Grudriss III, 10) that “in Medicine are included, through teaching on healings, what the Indians know about Botany, Minerelogy, and Chemistry (Alchemy)”.
The science of medicine is also called
VaidyaSastram. According to tradition
this JeevaSastram through the book SusrutaSamhita of the saint and physician Susruta
originally consisted of
तस्यायुर्वेदस्याङ्गान्यष्टौ तद्यथा कायचिकित्सा, शालाक्यं, शल्यापहर्तृकं,
विषगरवैरोधिकप्रशमनं, भूतविद्या, कौमारभृत्यकं रसायनं वाजीकरणमिति॥ (IV.34)
Ashtaanga=eight parts, in which Salya=major
surgery, Saalaakya=minor surgery (E.N.T), Kaaaaya-Chikitsaa=treatment of
disease of the body, BhoothaVidyaa=demonology-teaching on diseases caused by
the demons (Psychology), KaumaraBruthyaa=healing of diseases of children(Paediatrics),
VishaGaraVairodhikaPrasamanam or AgadaTantra=Toxicology, Rasaayana=Elixir (Treatment
with Chemicals) and VaajeeKarana=Aphrodiasiaca.
Divine Origin
In the BrahmaVaivartaPuraana, the following
phrases suggest that
ऋग्यजुस्सामाथर्वाख्यान् दृष्ट्वा वेदान् प्रजापतिः। विचिन्त्य
तेषामर्थाञ्चैवायुर्वेदं चकार सः॥
कृत्वा तु पञ्चमं वेदं भास्कराय ददौ विभुः। स्वतन्त्रसंहितां तस्मात्
भास्करश्च चकार सः॥
Brahma is reported to have transmitted Ayurveda,
the fifth Veda, to Bhaskara, and then Bhaskara is mentioned to have compiled
and independent Samhitaa. Then one
after the other it went to Asvini-Devatas, Indra and it was transmitted by
these gods to the sages.
Blood Flow
According to BhelaSamhita, “हृदो रसो निस्सरति तस्मादेति च
सर्वशः। सिराभिर्हृदयं वैति तस्मात्तत्प्रभवाः सिराः॥”
(20.3)
Rasa i.e., blood flows from the heart and then
to all places. Through the veins it
again reaches the heart.
Botanical facts
SaanthiParva of MahaBharatam (184.13) says that
वल्ली वेष्टयते वृक्षं सर्वतश्चैव गच्छति। नाप्यदृष्टेश्च मार्गोऽस्ति तस्मात्
पश्यन्ति पादपाः॥
The creeper moves about the tree trunks,
covering it all around. There is no path
for thee one without sight. Hence
creeper can see. Moreover, trees can smell, have the sense of touch and even
hear.
Many aspects of plant life are yet to be studied
by modern science. These facts are
propounded by our fore-fathers ages before.
Some
of the Important works
1.
AthreyaSamhitha
2.
HaritaSamhita
3.
KaasyapaSamhita (VruddhaJeevakeeyam)
4.
Agnivesa’s CarakaSamhita
5.
BhelaSamhita
6. Works of Nagarjuna (Buddhist Philosopher)
(This Blog post is a part of Blogchatter's #BlogchatterA2Z)
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