Wular Lake also known as Wolar in Kashmiri,
is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia. It
is located in Bandipora district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The lake
basin was formed as a result of tectonic activity
and is fed by the Jhelum River and stream madhumati. The
lake's size varies seasonally from 30 to 189 square kilometres. In addition,
much of the lake has been drained as a result of willow plantations being built
on the shore in the 1950s.
In ancient times, Wular
Lake was also called Mahapadmasar (Sanskrit: महापद्मसरः). Nilamata Purana also mentions it as Mahapadmasaras.
The lake, with its big dimensions and the extent of water, gives rise to high
leaping waves in the afternoons, called Ullola in Sanskrit, meaning
"stormy leaping, high rising waves". Therefore, it was also being
called Ullola. It is believed to have gotten corrupted over the
centuries to Wulor or Wular. The origin may
also be attributed to a Kashmiri word 'Wul', which means a gap or a fissure,
appellation that must have come also during this period. The word Wul (gap or
fissure), is also an indicator of its origin to a fissure or gap created.
The lake is one of the 49
Indian wetlands designated as a Ramsar site. However it faces
environmental threats including the conversion of large parts of the lake's
catchment areas into agriculture land, pollution from fertilizers and animal
wastes, hunting of waterfowl and migratory birds, and weed infestation in the
lake itself.
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