Wednesday 23 February 2022

28 MORAL FABLES FROM SANSKRIT LITERATURE-TALE 23

 


The Story of Cunning Jackal

There lived a lion by name VajraDhamshtra (Thundered-teeth) in a part of a forest with the friends a jackal, a wolf and a camel namely Chaturaka (Smart and Cunning), KravyaMukha (Meat-Faced) and SankuKarna (Spike-Eared) respectively for a long time.  Once upon a time, the lion VajraDhamshtra fought with a furious wild elephant. The elephant become enrage with the lion and tore the body of lion with its sharp-pointed tusks.  Then the lion withdrew itself from there become highly afflicted.  It was suffered for a week-fast, become weak and lean with hunger.  Then the lion ordered his friends jackal, wolf and camel to bring the prey by searching any creature in the forest.  We can have nourishment.  On receiving the order of the lion, these three roamed the around the wood, but unable to find and gain anything.

At this juncture the smart jackal started to think a plan that if this camel would have been killed we can nourish ourselves for a few days.  Though the lion which is our master may not wish to do so, I will make it to accept through my plan by which our master will kill this camel.  Then the smart Jackal spoke aloud to others thus: Oh! My dear friend SankuKarna! Our master is lacking wholesome food for which he is starving.  If he continues in this state, our life also will be questionable.  I have a suggestion for your benefit and also for our master.  If you accept my idea, please listen.  Then the camel hurried to listen the words of the jackal thus: Oh! My dear friend! Tell me quick by which I can please our master. Then the Smart Jackal continued to narrate thus:  Oh! My good fellow! Give your own body whole-heartedly, so that you may get double body and our master also will survive for long.

Then the stupid camel believed the words of the jackal and replied thus:  Oh! My friend! If it is possible, I am ready to sacrifice myself for the sake of our master. I suspect only that the Death-God has to accept to give the guarantee to revive me with another body.

After having decided so, they all three returned there where the lion expected them and the jackal told thus: Oh! King! We were unable to find the prey to you today.  Now the sun-set came.  On hearing this, the lion became dispirited. But the jackal continued thus: Oh! King! Our friend the SankuKarna proposed that if you call upon the Death-God who will accept to revive me with another body. Then the lion congratulated those three and struck down the camel with its paw and the wolf along with jackal tore its body.  Immediately the Smart jackal thought to take entire prey for itself alone.  Then the jackal advised the lion thus: Oh! Master! Before eating your prey, as your body is besmeared with blood and taint, you must take bath and worship the God.  I will stay here to protect your pay.  On hearing this, the foolish lion went to take bath.  Then the cunning jackal asked KravyaMukha- the wolf, to eat some portion of the camel before the returning of the lion.  When the wolf did so, the jackal told thus:  Oh! KravyaMukha! The master is coming. Please stop tasting this prey. When the lion returned, SankuKarna roared.  On hearing this the enraged lion asked thus: Who turned this camel into living?  I wish to kill him. Meanwhile, the smart jackal looked at the wolf.  On understanding the state, the wolf ran away from there save itself to another part of the same jungle.

At this juncture, the flocks of camel those were having jingling bells on their neck, arrived there.  Then the lion asked the jackal thus; Oh! Chathuraka! What is this horrible noise?  Then the cunning jackal took advantage and started to caution the lion thus: Oh! King! Please run! The enraged Death-God against you because you brought untimely death upon his camel. So you are going to be lost.  Then the foolish lion out of fear, to save his dear life ran away immediately.  Then, the cunning jackal ate the camel bit by bit for long time.

The moral of the story:

“Parasya peedanam kurvan Svaartha-siddhim cha Pandithah l

  Mooda-buddhir na Bhakshetha vane Chathurako yathaall

If any wise person wants to trouble their enemies for pursuing selfish good should keep his plans secretly like a Smart Jackal which succeeded in his act.

(This story is taken from the titled MithraBhedhah-the 1st volume of the book PanchaThanthram which has five volumes viz., MitraBedhah, MitraLaabhah, Kaakolookeeyam, Labdhapranaasam and AparikshitaKaarakam written by Vishnu Sarma was an Indian scholar.  The exact period of the composition of the Panchatantra is uncertain, and estimates vary from 1200 BCE to 300 CE.

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