अलङ्कारशास्त्रम् = ALANKARASASTRAM Part III

 

5 Aqaa-ntrnyaasa:

Bavaot\ Aqaa-ntrnyaasa: AnauYa>¹Aqaa-ntraiBaQaa.

hnaUmaana\ AibQamatrt\ duYkrM ikM maha%manaama\..7..

Translation:

Substantiation of a special or general statement by means of a general or special statement connected therewith is Aqaa-ntrnyaasa:. Hanuman crossed the ocean. What is impossible for great men?

 

Explanation:

nyaasa: literally means deposit. Aqaa-ntrM means another idea. Here AnauYa>¹Aqaa-ntraiBaQaa menas the employment of a different idea which is connected with the contextual idea (AnauYa>) for substantiating the contextual idea. In the illustration Hanuman crossing the sea is relevant & it is substantiated by a non-relevant general statement about the absence of impossibilities for great men.

 As a converse case the general statement may be justified by the non-relevant particular statement. It is also Aqaa-ntrnyaasa:. In the given instance if we treatduYkrM ikM maha%manaama\ as relevant to the context &hnaUmaana\ AibQamatrt\ as an individual non-relevant case it will be an example of this type.  

 

 

6 dIpkma\

p`stutap`stutanaaM ca tulya%vao dIpkM matma\.

maoQaaM bauQa: sauQaaimandu: ibaBait- vasauQaaM Bavaana\..

Translation:

Parity of relevant and non-relevant objects mentioned together constitutes dIpkma\. A wise man holds a higher intellect, the moon nectar and yourself (the king) the earth.

 

Explanation:

This Alankara is called dIpkma\ because the common attribute predicated with  reference to a relevant object applies casually to the non relevant in the same way as a lamp lit for the house lights the street as well. This figure of speech is different from ]pmaa as here parity of many objects both relevant and non relevant are discussed and also parity is expressed only through a predicate or an attribute. In the illustration, the king alone is relevant to the context. The moon and the wise man are not. Common predicate is ibaBait-.

7 tulyayaaoigata

iËyaaidiBarnaoksya tulyata tulyayaaoigata.

saMkucaint saraojaaina svaOirNaIvadnaaina ca.            

Translation:

Parity of objects with reference to the predicated action or attribute forms the basis for tulyayaaoigata. The lotus flowers & the faces of the lustful women shrink alike when the moon’s disc kisses (touches) the top most peak of the eastern mountain.

Explanation:

This Alankara is only slightly different from dIpkma\. When a common action or quality is described with reference to a number of persons or objects the figure of speech is tulyayaaoigata. The word Aaid in iËyaaid refers to gauNa:(quality). The word iËyaaidiBa: means through an action or quality. The plural number in iËyaaidiBa: refers to the multifarious actions & qualities. In the illustration the action of shrinking is predicated off the lotus flowers & the faces of lustful women. Since the nightfall is described, the lotus flowers & the women’s faces are both relevant to the context.

Note: Difference between dIpkma\ &tulyayaoigata

In tulyayaaoigata either all of them are p`stutma\ or all of them are Ap`stutma\ whereas in dIpkma\ both relevant and non relevant objects are described alike.